Hydrogen has one, carbon contains four, and nitrogen has five electrons around its atom. Place the Valence Electrons around the Atoms As carbon is least electronegative than nitrogen, so, the carbon atom wins the central place here. You can select the center atom from either carbon or nitrogen. It’s because the hydrogen atom has only one electron, it cannot form a bond with two atoms (carbon and nitrogen). Here, hydrogen cannot serve as the central atom. The electronegativity of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen is 2.2, 2.55, and 3.04, respectively. Hence, the valence electrons in HCN = 10.Īccording to the rule, the atom with the lowest electronegativity value would occupy a central place. To calculate the total valence electrons, add the valence electrons from all three atoms the total number of valence electrons present is 1+4+5=10. Therefore, nitrogen has five valence electrons. of atom (1) = 4Īs nitrogen is a VA element in the modern periodic table, Therefore, the valence electrons in the outermost shell of carbon are four. of atom (1) = 1Īs carbon is an IVA element of the periodic table, Hence, it has only one electron in its valence shell. Hydrogen belongs to the IA group of the modern periodic table. Now let us calculate the Valence Shell Electron of hydrogen cyanide. NOTE: To calculate the total outermost electrons of a particular element in molecule, multiply the number of atoms of particular element by its valence shell electrons. Carbon belongs to group IVA element with four electrons in its outermost shell, while Nitrogen is in-group VA of the modern periodic table with five electrons in its outermost shell. Hydrogen lies in the IA group of the periodic table with one valence electron. While drawing the HCN lewis structure we should know that hydrogen cyanide is made of three elements: hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen. To Determine the Total Number of Valence Electrons A dot represents a lone pair of electrons in a Lewis structure, whereas a straight line indicates a bond pair of electrons. The Lewis structure merely takes into account the electrons present in the valence shell, neglecting the inner shell’s electrons.
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